The world is facing an enormous sanitation crisis: about 2.6 billion people lack of appropriate sanitation. Together with the lack of clean drinking water, it is causing 10 000 - 30 000 deaths daily. Roughly 6 000 children ...

Pharmaceuticals are consumed in high quantities in the modern society and especially in industrialized countries. Residues of the consumed pharmaceuticals are carried to sewage treatment plants and can end up in the aquatic ...

Surface waters in Finland contain usually a high amount of natural organic matter (NOM). Incomplete removal of NOM in the drinking water treatment has an adverse effect on the water quality. Hence, it is desirable to reduce ...