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Abstract:
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This paper deals with the different water supply systems of Mtwara-Lindi regions (a study area) and in Tanzania in general. Various subtopics are included, such as different water supplysources, treatment units pumping stations, service reservoirs, distribution networks and delivery points. Construction methods and materials used in the water supply parts are also discussed in this paper. Cost calculation methods which are presented are investment, running and annual mainly. The type of water supply schemes which can suit Mtwara-Lindi regions are first shallow wells with hand pumps wherever they are practical, especially costal areas, on the plains (Masasi, Lindi and Kilwa Districts) and some parts of Liwale, Nachingwea and Lindi Rural Districts. The second choice should be spring source systems because such sources are very reliable and low investment cost. Running costs are relatively low compared to bore holesystems. Bore hole source systems should be the third choice, despite of the fact that such sources are reliable and in most cases need minimal use of water treatment chemicals. /Kir09 |